(234) High-Resolution Intra-Cochlear Imaging Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Introduction: Sensorineural hearing loss is among the most common disabilities worldwide, and promising therapies are being developed. Various treatments will target specific pathologies and will have large cost and possible risks. The ability to discern the condition of the cochlea and determine whether there is potential to benefit from a specific pharmacological intervention would be valuable. For example, some therapies may rely on the tectorial membrane closely interfacing the reticular lamina, while others require supporting cells. Imaging the cochlear structures non-invasively may allow targeting new treatments to appropriate pathologies. Here we demonstrate that with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), we can visualize micrometer-resolution of intracochlear images in situ through the intact round window membrane (RWM) to delineate cochlear microanatomy in fresh human cadaveric specimens.

Methods: 15 fresh human temporal bones were harvested 11-48h post-mortem and prepared to allow for visualization through the RWM. OCT images were acquired through the RWM using a high-resolution Thorlabs Ganymede III OCT device.

Results: Various intracochlear structures were visualized in fresh human specimens. For example, we could discern the content of the organ of Corti, such as hair cells and supporting cells. The basilar membrane, reticular lamina, and the tectorial membrane and its positioning were recognizable. The bridge, osseous spiral lamina, spiral ligament, and Reisner’s membrane were also visible. Across specimens, the image quality varied.

Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study shows that OCT is a promising technique for rapidly and non-invasively assessing cochlear microanatomy. It demonstrates the importance of developments in OCT endoscopy to enable non-invasive real time assessment of cochlear sensory tissue in patients.